Sites remediated under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, 42 U.S.C. §§ 9601–9675 (CERCLA) present multiple challenges for government agencies and responsible parties. Parties grapple with complicated technical issues, lengthy cleanups, disputes over liability and allocation, competing regulatory agendas, and excessive and uncertain costs. Successful projects often are ones that address these issues using an innovative approach.